Name

King of Kings

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Shah of Shahs & King of Kings of iran, 1941-1979).

Tamar of Georgia, Tamar Mepe, 1184 - 1213

King of Kings is a title that has been used by several monarchies (usually empires in the informal sense of great powers) throughout history, and in many cases the literal title meaning "King of Kings", i.e. Monarch elevated above other royal rulers in a vassal, tributary or protectorate position, especially in the case of Semitic languages, is conventionally (usually inaccurately) rendered as Emperor.

The first written record of its consistent use dates to Iranian Kings of the Persian Empire (pronounced Shahanshah) due to the fact that the Persian kings ruled in a format of having other kings below them ruling provinces, satraps, the fact that the Persian kings rules over other kings gave them the title king of king. but it is commonly accepted that the Persians wrote this with an implicit notion of relation to a deity, and later with an overt spiritual connotation in the latter Persian empire of the Priest-Kings of the Sassanian Persian Empire. The well known story of the Zoroastrian Magi that traveled to Holy Lands to hail the heralded new King of Kings further establishes the Royal Priest connotations of the title, King of Kings. (this needs clarification)

Religious

"Christ as King of Kings". A Russian icon from Murom (1690)

• in Islam, the term "King of Kings" for another human being is prohibited. Narrated in Sahih Bukhari and Muslim, from Abu Hurairah r.a. that the Prophet said, "Verily, the worst title is 'King of Kings'; there is no King that has absolute power except Allah". This term is prohibited as there is a similar comparison between the created being and his Creator. This prohibition serve the purpose to glorify Allah alone. The absolute use (the definite article is thus obligatory) of al-Malik, as #4 of the 99 known names of Allah, "The King", taken to imply 'The Sovereign Lord, The One with the complete Dominion, the One Whose Dominion is clear from imperfection' singles the only god out as supreme ruler over all earthly powers; another of these attributes, #84, is Malik Al-Mulk "King of the Realm", taken to mean 'The Eternal Owner of Sovereignty, The One who controls the Dominion and gives dominion to whoever He willed'.
• Jesus Christ is termed King of Kings in the Bible, particularly in the Book of Revelation, 17:14 and 19:16. Jesus says in the Book of Matthew, verse 28:18, that all authority on earth has been given to him. In John 18:36 he says that his realm is not of this earth (Hebrew: olam hazeh, "this world, or age", in contrast with the olam haba, "the world to come", in which he will rule), a messianistic tradition within the Jewish faith, founded its Zionist ambitions of political independence from Rome (see Sicarii, while Christ preached a spiritual 'kingdom' instead) on its version that the Messiah would (re)establish the promised land of Israel as a mighty temporal kingdom; in Christianity, it is rather God the Father who thrones in heaven as ultimate ruler of the universe, high above all mortal monarchs. In this sense, "Lord of Lords" is a synonymous title of the Lord, as used by the Church Fathers, e.g. Against Heresies, V.26 (St. Irenaeus).
• Buddha is referred to as "King of Kings" in the Pali Tripitaka.
• In Judaism, "King of Kings" - in Hebrew Melech ha-M'lachim - is an expression that refers to God, whose name may not be said. It is usually rendered as Melech Malchei Ha-M'lachim (King of Kings of Kings), to put it one step above the title by which Babylonian and Persian kings are referred to in the Bible (specifically in the Book of Daniel).
• Selivanov, the co-founder of the Skoptsi, a Russian Christian sect which practiced sexual mutilation, who proclaimed himself the Son of God incarnate in the person of Emperor Peter III, claimed the titles "King of Kings" and even "God of Gods".
• Haile Selassie I, the Ethiopian Emperor was known as the "King of Kings, Lord of Lords, and the conquering Lion of the Tribe of Judah" and based on these titles and their biblical reference is seen as God amongst the members of the Rastafari movement.

Popular culture

This "In popular culture" section may contain minor or trivial references. Please reorganize this content to explain the subject's impact on popular culture rather than simply listing appearances, and remove trivial references. (September 2009)

• Professional wrestler Triple H, an influential figure in the business, refers to himself as the King of Kings, and has incorporated it into his gimmick. The band Motörhead has introduced a song called "King of Kings" as one of Triple H's entrance themes.
• This isn't the first use of "The King of Kings" in professional wrestling, however, as wrestler Steve Corino used the nickname for years before WWE copyrighted it for Triple H's use.
• In the video game Gradius III released by Konami, "King Of Kings" is the title often given to the musical score that plays on the high score screen when the player enters his/her initials. This short piece of music is used in both the arcade versions and home ports of the game.
• In the 2004 film Troy, Agamemnon refers to himself (and is referred to by Achilles and Nestor) as "King of Kings".
• In poker a four of a kind hand involving four kings is sometimes known as the "King of Kings".
• In the first Dragon Quest game the primary villain, the Dragonlord refers to himself as the "King of Kings".
• King of Kings is the name of an album of reggaeton artist Don Omar released in 2006.
• In the PlayStation 2 game "We Love Katamari" (a sequel to the PS2's Katamari Damacy), the King of All Cosmos sings a song during the ending credits (arguably about himself) including the title and named "The King of Kings".
• "King of Kings" is the name of a song of Heavy Metal Musicians Manowar, Released as a single on 2005.
• King of Kings: a Novel of the Life of David is a historical novel by Malachi Martin about David, second king of the Jews, and his life.
• King of KingZ is an album released by the German rapper Bushido.

See also

• God Emperor
• Sacred king
• Padishah

References

• This article incorporates text from the Encyclopædia Britannica, Eleventh Edition, a publication now in the public domain.