User (computing)
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In computing, a user is a person who uses a computer or Internet service. A user may have a user account that identifies the user by a username (also user name), screenname (also screen name), or "handle", which is derived from the identical Citizen's Band radio term. To log in to an account, a user is typically required to authenticate himself with a password or other credentials for the purposes of accounting, security, logging, and resource management.
Users are also widely characterized as the class of people that use a system without complete technical expertise required to fully understand the system. In most hacker-related contexts, they are also divided into lusers and power users. Both are terms of opprobriation, but the latter connotes a "know-it-all" attitude. See also End-user (computer science).
Semantics
A user account allows one to authenticate to system services. It also generally provides one with the opportunity to be authorized to access them. However, authentication does not automatically imply authorization. Once the user has logged on, the operating system will often use an identifier such as an integer to refer to them, rather than their user name. On Unix systems this is called the user identifier or user id. These accounts also create better performance throughout the computer as the different applications are spread out and do not all run at once while you are using one account.
Computer systems are divided into two groups based on what kind of users they have:
- single-user systems do not have a concept of several user accounts
- multi-user systems have such a concept, and require users to identify themselves before using the system.
See also
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to: People using computers |
References
This article was originally based on material from the Free On-line Dictionary of Computing, which is licensed under the GFDL.
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